Cadillac Motor Car Division - Department of concern General Motors, specializing in the production of cars of luxury. The headquarters is in Detroit (Michigan). The company's founders - the engineer on the exact vehicles Henry Leland and entrepreneur William Murphy. Initially the company was called Cadillac Motor Car Company - in honor of the founder of Detroit by Antoine de la Motte Cadillac, and was actually revived the nearly bankrupt "Automobile Company of Detroit." In January 1903, the first Cadillac model A appeared at the auto show in New York. Model A was only the first successful attempt of the company, this also brought fame to her model D release in 1905. Equipped with a four-cylinder engine, this five-seater had a wooden body and, optionally, aluminum sheeting. July 29, 1909 General Motors acquired a Cadillac for 5,969,200 dollars. GM President William Durant asked Leland to remain managers and manage the company as their own. Serial production of a fully enclosed car bodies established in 1910. In 1912, a useful innovation was proposed by the electric starter. Car owners no longer have to start them manually by turning the drive knob. Cadillac wins the Dewar Award for electric lighting system and ignition system. In 1922, the number of manufactured Cadillacs exceeded twenty thousand. Partly a successful sale of the new company is required to model Type 61, equipped with wipers and rear view mirror as standard equipment. A new era in automotive design "Roaring Twenties" was associated with Garleem Earle, founded in 1927 the first art-design department at the automobile company called General Motors Art and Colour Section. It was he who was known to all the grille, which is still the hallmark of cars Cadillac. Earle's first job at the Cadillac became the model of a small elegant car LaSalle, which represented a transition link between Buick and Cadillac and touted as a Companion Car to Cadillac. In 1927 Cadillac LaSalle was a car, opening race of the Indianapolis 500. Then the Cadillac in the first made in this role, but certainly not the last. LaSalle automobiles has led the race five times: in 1931 (model Cadillac 370 V12), 1934 (LaSalle), 1937 (LaSalle), 1973 (Eldorado) and 1992 (Allante). In the first year of LaSalle, presented on eleven different body style on the two wheel bases, and four design Fleetwood on 125-inch base. At LaSalle convertible coupe was even a small side door and the police station, where supplies were stored for the game of golf. Cadillac thirtieth become the epitome of luxury and sophistication. With the release of V12 and V16 engines the company has become the undisputed leader American automobile industry. The most famous model of Cadillac engines were equipped with V16, engineered by Owen Necker. In this decade, Cadillac was the pioneer of a variety of technical inventions and discoveries. In 1932 work began on an automatic transmission. In 1933 an experimental model Cadillac had the first independent front suspension. She became standard on all GM cars since 1934. In 1938, the 24-year-old Bill Mitchell designed the new Cadillac 60 Special. The car combined a solid form with ease of driving and comfort, allows the owner to manage it without the help of a professional driver. This model identified the design direction of the next decade. In 1941 Cadillac introduced the first automatic hydraulic transmission, air conditioning system and fuel tank cap, hidden behind the rear left light signal. In February 1942 the company completely stopped production of civilian models, and threw all their forces to help the front. Already after 55 days from the conveyor Clark Avenue plant in Detroit, came the first tank. During the war, was also launched production platforms howitzer M-8 light tank M-24 (1944) and parts for aircraft engines Allison V12. Even General Douglas MacArthur used as the official car Cadillac Series 75. After the war the company Cadillac with a new force took up production of cars. In the models in 1948 appeared aerodynamic "fins" on the rear fenders, peeped in combat aircraft Lockheed P-38. This design finds aroused universal enthusiasm. Aerodynamic fins to identify trends of automotive design for a decade. In 1949, Cadillac has released a compact, lightweight and economical engine V8, thanks to which, Cadillac was the fastest and most powerful car of America. At the end of the decade Briggs Kuninghem come to finish tenth LeMans races on the standard Cadillac in 1950. In 1949 released Coupe DeVille with a hard top. It won first prize "Car of the Year" Motor Trend. In January 1950, GM is hosting an exhibition "Mid Century Motorama" in a New York hotel Waldorf Astoria. Among the vehicles was on it and Cadillac Debutante, which inspired the creation of theatrical production, "the Cadillac of pure gold." The company marked its fiftieth anniversary production of the model "Gold Series" in 1952. Technical novelty this year was the power steering as standard equipment on cars. In 1953, a model Eldorado, the first since the war an entirely new vehicle class. Attempts to improve the design of Eldorado have borne fruit - in 1954 a new bumper with the characteristic "teeth" Dagmar, named in honor of the brilliant character of television show "Jerry Lester's House Party". In the same year began the production of seats with electrically adjustable in 4 directions. Model 1957 Eldorado Brougham was the personification of style Cadillac. It was characterized by twin headlights and body structure with no central pillar. Polishing stainless steel roof gave Eldorado Brougham unique look. Cadillac 1959, designed Garleem Earl, was the best interpretation of "airplane" style in the automotive industry. This car has been the subject of cult worship more than one generation of Americans. During the 1964 flap - cheeky find designers - have been improved. In that year, Cadillac released three millionth vehicle. In the next ten years, a list of new inventions and design ideas greatly enlarged. In 1962, paid great attention to safety elements, such as headlamps for illumination when cornering and braking system with double chain. Feature of the model 1964 was also the automatic temperature control air for air conditioning and heating. With the expectation of a cold climate are produced electrically heated seats (cars in 1966). In 1967, Cadillac released in light of a radically new model of Eldorado with front-wheel drive. This exclusive first-class car was built on a completely new chassis. Exceptional driving performance provided engine of 427 inches (1968) and 500-inch V8 (1970). Appears transistor braking Track Master, provides control over the slide. In magazine reviews Cadillac called "the most convenient and easy to manage" car among the expensive brands of German, British and American production. Its 70 anniversary in 1972, Cadillac had met a large number of design innovations. The design of cars has also been the development and improvement - were introduced absorbent body crushed zone and airbags on models 1974, 1975 and 1976. In July 1973, was released five millionth Cadillac. Annual production was more than 300,000 cars. In May 1975, Cadillac has released a new Seville, corresponding to world standards. Bole compact and maneuverable, this car was quite roomy inside, and provides industry-leading fuel economy. Standard equipment included Seville fuel injection and electronic engine control. During the celebration of the bicentennial anniversary of America presented a model of Cadillac Eldorado c convertible. Car in 1976 was painted in the colors of the American flag: all white with blue and red stripes, red and white leather seats and alloy wheels with white accents. Completely renovated Seville in 1980 differed sharp edges and bold design that makes it unlike any one car of America. Seville was the first time also made on the basis of one platform Eldorado. John O. Grettenberger headed Cadillac Jan. 10, 1984. He ran the company for the longest time - 13 years. Two-door Allante 1987 was a unique car in many respects. His body has been designed and manufactured by an Italian firm Pininfarina (Turin, Italy). On this model were first used many technical innovations Cadillac, including the Traction Control and Engine Northstar. At the end of the decade saw the light of elegant models DeVille 1989 and Fleetwood, which embodied the efforts of designers and stylists company. In 1990 the company was awarded for the quality of Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. Cadillac was the first automobile company to receive a national award Baldrige, and until 1997 was the only car manufacturer to be awarded such an assessment. In 1992, have undergone significant changes in Eldorado and Seville have received worldwide recognition. Along with other awards Seville won the "Car of the Year" magazine Motor Trend. A year later, Seville went one step, getting the engine Northstar. Recognized as a leader, Northstar system provides the driver an unsurpassed level of ride quality, handling and reliability. In 1993 he was completely changed the look of the model Fleetwood Brougham. Cadillac continued its glorious tradition of being a favorite base for stretch limousines, including vehicles for U.S. presidents. In 1996, the Northstar engine power was increased to 300 horsepower (at the pastors DeVille Concours, Eldorado Touring Coupe, Seville STS). At the 1997 models Seville STS, Eldorado Touring Coupe and DeVille Concours comes exclusive safety system StabiliTrack. In addition to this change the design of the car Cadillac DeVille, introducing a new modification - d'Elegance. This is a new creation Cadillac combines the special American style with modern technical equipment and high level of comfort. All cars DeVille appeared side-curtain airbags. Cadillac Catera - the smallest model of the upper class, was also released in 1997. The main novelty in 1998 - four-wheel drive SUV Escalade, designed to compete with the Lincoln Navigator. In 2001 Catera model replaced by a new small sedan CTS. The premiere of this "compact" sport sedan 2002 model year ostoyalas at the motor show in Frankfurt am Main. In 2001 model year program is updated by a new SUV Escalade II generation. 2-door coupe Eldorado in late April 2002 it was discontinued due to low demand. Company Cadillac continues a long tradition and still includes the features of all Cadillacs: high reliability, advanced technology and exceptional appearance. In autumn 2003, will start a program of radical renewal and expansion of model line Cadillac. In 2004 there will be just three new items: the sporty double roadster XLR, SRX sport wagon-wheel drive and extended SUV Escalade ESV, unified with the Chevrolet Suburban. In 2005, MG debuts new STS sedan classic layout. Source - avtomarket.ru Photo - lenser.spb.ru
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